Human Papilloma Virus (Human papilloma virus, HPV) is a type of virus that settles inside the cells of the human body and multiplies as the cells divide. HPV, which has more than 150 subtypes, especially the types called HPV-16 and HPV-18 are responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide. For this reason, early detection of the presence of the virus in the individual by performing the HPV test will ensure that virus-related cancers, especially cervical cancer, are detected at the earliest stage, that the development of cancer is prevented and possible cancer possibilities can be diagnosed at the initial stage.

Who should get HPV testing?

In today's scientific guidelines, a smear test every 3 years until the age of 30 is considered sufficient for cervical checks. In women between the ages of 30 and 65, it is stated that HPV testing (which is called co-testing) in addition to the pap test, and in this case, a 5-year control in terms of the cervix is sufficient. In addition, HPV virus testing may be required in different situations where it is deemed necessary by the physician.

How is the HPV test done?

Contrary to popular belief, the HPV test is not a DNA test or blood test, but is performed by examining cell samples taken from the cervix under laboratory conditions. The HPV test is very short, simple and painless. HPV testing can be performed by doctors, nurses or midwives. The test cannot be done during menstruation (menstrual period). First, a speculum (vaginal examination instrument) is inserted into the vagina so that the cervix can be seen. Then, a small brush is applied to the cervix and cell samples are collected and the presence of HPV in these cells is investigated. During these procedures, the woman does not feel any pain. The HPV test is done in the same way as the smear test, so it can be applied together with the smear test when necessary.

For what purpose is the HPV test performed?

HPV testing may be recommended by the physician in the presence of any of the following conditions:

• Instead of pap-smear test or together with pap-smear test,
• If abnormal cells are detected as a result of the Pap-smear test or the results are not clear,
• In cases where the immune system is weak or the use of drugs that suppress the immune system,
• In the presence of a previous history of gynecological problems related to the uterus (uterus) or cervix (cervix) or a diagnosed disease,
• If there is wart formation in the genital area,
• HPV test if the partner has or is likely to have HPV infection should be done.